@font-face{font-family:Figtree Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:300 900;src:url(/_astro/figtree-latin-ext-wght-normal.DCwSJGxG.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Figtree Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:300 900;src:url(/_astro/figtree-latin-wght-normal.D_ZTVpCC.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-400-normal.xuaO2J-f.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-400-normal.DMdlQ8Kv.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-400-normal.BSMlKf0J.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-400-normal.CEL4l2ZJ.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-400-normal.BulugwFq.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-400-normal.DDuiU_S-.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-400-normal.BmRBH3aV.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-400-normal.D3D2R8hC.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-400-normal.DMJ8VG8y.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-400-normal.CvHOgSBP.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-500-normal.BqneJy0T.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-500-normal.BIfNGwUT.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-500-normal.Bq9vWWag.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-500-normal.Ael50iVv.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-500-normal.DZ4AoWbu.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-500-normal.C8zxqsMH.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-500-normal.CAhNIIs5.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-500-normal.CZ70TYgx.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-500-normal.DSY6xOcd.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-500-normal.CB9ihrfo.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}:root{--font-body:"Figtree Variable", system-ui, sans-serif;--font-code:"IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, monospace;--text-xs:.8125rem;--text-sm:.875rem;--text-base:1rem;--text-lg:1.125rem;--text-xl:1.25rem;--text-2xl:1.5rem;color-scheme:dark}@media (prefers-color-scheme:light){:root:not([data-theme=dark]){color-scheme:light}}:root[data-theme=light]{color-scheme:light}:root{--bg:light-dark(#fff,#121212);--fg:light-dark(#121212,#e2e2e2);--strong:light-dark(#000,#f5f5f5);--muted:light-dark(#5a5a5a,#a0a0a0);--accent:light-dark(#326891,#7fb2de);--line:light-dark(#dfdfdf,#333);--code-bg:light-dark(#f7f7f7,#1a1a1a);--code-bar:light-dark(#ededed,#242424)}*,:before,:after{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-padding-top:4rem;overflow:clip scroll}body{background:var(--bg);min-height:100dvh;color:var(--fg);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:var(--text-base);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;flex-direction:column;margin:0;padding:0 16px 20px;line-height:1.75;display:flex}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{letter-spacing:-.015em;color:var(--strong);text-wrap:balance;font-weight:600;line-height:1.2}h1{font-size:var(--text-2xl);margin:2.5rem 0 .75rem}h2{font-size:var(--text-xl)}h3{font-size:var(--text-lg)}strong,b{color:var(--strong);font-weight:600}a{color:var(--accent);text-decoration:none}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.post-content a{text-underline-offset:.2em;text-decoration:underline 1px}.post-content a:hover{text-decoration-thickness:2px}a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:2px}img{max-width:100%}.wrapper{flex-direction:column;flex:1;width:100%;max-width:42rem;margin:0 auto;display:flex}.wrapper>main{flex:1}.menu{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:12px 0;font-weight:700;display:flex;position:relative}.menu:before{content:"";z-index:-1;width:100vw;opacity:var(--menu-fade,0);background:linear-gradient(60deg, light-dark(var(--code-bar),#1e1e1e), light-dark(var(--code-bar),#161616));pointer-events:none;position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%);box-shadow:0 6px 16px -4px #00000080}.theme-toggle{width:2.25rem;height:2.25rem;color:var(--muted);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:0;place-items:center;padding:0;display:grid}.theme-toggle svg{fill:none;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:2px;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;width:1.125rem;height:1.125rem}.theme-toggle .icon-moon{display:none}@media (prefers-color-scheme:light){:root:not([data-theme=dark]) .theme-toggle .icon-sun{display:none}:root:not([data-theme=dark]) .theme-toggle .icon-moon{display:block}}:root[data-theme=light] .theme-toggle .icon-sun{display:none}:root[data-theme=light] .theme-toggle .icon-moon{display:block}.theme-toggle:hover{color:var(--accent)}.theme-toggle:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:2px}.menu a{text-decoration:underline}.theme-toggle{margin-left:auto}.crumbs{flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.crumbs li+li:before{content:"/";color:var(--muted);margin:0 .5rem;font-weight:400}.cover{aspect-ratio:4;background:var(--code-bar);border-radius:4px;margin-top:1.5rem;overflow:hidden}.cover img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%;display:block}.page-title{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.page-title h1{margin-bottom:0}.page-title .meta{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;gap:0 .75rem;margin-top:.75rem;display:flex}.read-next{font-size:var(--text-sm);color:var(--muted);margin-top:3rem}.item-list{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:1.25rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.item-list li{align-items:baseline;gap:0 .75rem;line-height:1.35;display:flex}.item-list .date{flex-shrink:0}.item-list a{text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;min-width:0;overflow:hidden}.date{font-size:var(--text-sm);color:var(--muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.item-list.bulleted{padding-left:1.25rem;list-style:outside}.item-list.bulleted li{display:list-item}.item-list.bulleted li::marker{color:var(--muted)}.item-list a{color:var(--strong);font-weight:500;font-size:var(--text-base)}.item-list a:hover{color:var(--accent)}.tool h2:first-child{margin-top:0}.tool+.tool{margin-top:2rem}.tool h2{font-size:var(--text-xl);margin:2rem 0 .75rem}.tool-form{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.75rem 1.25rem;display:flex}.tool-form label{font-size:var(--text-sm);align-items:center;gap:.5rem;display:inline-flex}.tool input[type=number],.tool select,.tool-input{font:inherit;font-size:var(--text-sm);color:var(--fg);background:var(--bg);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:4px;padding:.35rem .5rem}.tool input[type=number]{width:4.5rem}.tool-input{width:100%;font-family:var(--font-code);font-size:var(--text-base);padding:.5rem .75rem}.tool button{font:inherit;font-size:var(--text-sm);color:var(--bg);background:var(--strong);cursor:pointer;border:0;border-radius:4px;padding:.25rem .65rem}.tool button:hover{background:var(--accent)}.tool-field{margin-top:1rem;position:relative}.tool-field .tool-input{padding-right:5.5rem}.tool .tool-field .copy{font-size:var(--text-xs);color:var(--muted);border:1px solid var(--line);background:0 0;padding:.125rem .5rem;position:absolute;top:50%;right:.5rem;transform:translateY(-50%)}.tool .tool-field .copy:hover{color:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent);background:0 0}.tool-status{min-height:1.75rem;margin:.5rem 0 0;font-weight:500}.tool-status.ok{color:light-dark(#1a7f37,#56d364)}.tool-status.bad{color:light-dark(#b42318,#ff8a80)}.tool-status.warn{color:light-dark(#9a6700,#e3b341)}.post-content p{margin:1.25em 0}.post-content>:first-child{margin-top:0}.post-content h2{margin:2em 0 .75em;line-height:1.3}.post-content h3{margin:1.75em 0 .5em;line-height:1.35}.post-content h2+*,.post-content h3+*{margin-top:0}.post-content ul,.post-content ol{margin:1.25em 0;padding-left:1.625em}.post-content li{margin:.5em 0;padding-left:.375em}.post-content li::marker{color:var(--muted)}.post-content blockquote{border-left:2px solid var(--muted);margin:1.6em 0;padding-left:1em;font-size:1.0625em;font-style:italic}.post-content code{font-family:var(--font-code);font-size:var(--text-sm)}.post-content :not(pre)>code{background:var(--code-bg);border-radius:4px;padding:.15em .35em}.code-window{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--code-bg);border-radius:8px;margin:1.75em 0;overflow:hidden}.code-bar{background:var(--code-bar);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:.5rem .75rem;display:flex}.code-bar .dots{gap:6px;display:flex}.code-bar .dots i{background:var(--line);border-radius:50%;width:10px;height:10px}.code-bar .copy{font-size:var(--text-xs);color:var(--muted);border:1px solid var(--line);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border-radius:4px;padding:.125rem .5rem}.code-bar .copy:hover{color:var(--accent);border-color:var(--accent)}.code-bar .copy:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:2px}.post-content pre{font-size:var(--text-sm);margin:0;padding:1em 1.25em;line-height:1.7;overflow-x:auto}.post-content pre code{font-size:inherit}.astro-code,.astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-dark);font-style:var(--shiki-dark-font-style)}.astro-code{background-color:#0000!important}@media (prefers-color-scheme:light){:root:not([data-theme=dark]) :is(.astro-code,.astro-code span){color:var(--shiki-light);font-style:var(--shiki-light-font-style)}}:root[data-theme=light] :is(.astro-code,.astro-code span){color:var(--shiki-light);font-style:var(--shiki-light-font-style)}.post-content table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}.post-content th,.post-content td{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:5px}footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:var(--text-sm);color:var(--muted);flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:.25rem 1.5rem;margin-top:4rem;padding-top:1.25rem;display:flex}footer p{margin:0}footer a{color:inherit}footer a:hover{color:var(--accent)}footer ul{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 1.25rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.not-found{text-align:center}.not-found img{width:100%;max-width:480px;margin:0 auto;display:block}